COMPARING THE 1ST TRIMESTER AND 2ND TRIMESTER 50g ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST VALUES IN GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

INTRODUCTION: The present study aimed to assess the results of pregnant women who have been applied a 50-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in the first and second trimesters and investigate this method's role in the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus
METHODS: This retrospective study was performed on 153 pregnant women who were admitted to our hospital's antenatal clinics between March 2011 and August 2011. 50-gram OGTT was applied to the same pregnant women both in the 1st trimester (between 8th and 14th weeks) and second trimester (between 24th and 28th weeks); values of the test results were then compared.
RESULTS: GDM, diagnosed in 4.5% (7) in the first trimester (between 8th and 14th weeks) and 6.5% (10) second trimester, was detected in 11% (17) of 153 pregnant women in the present study. GDM, diagnosed in 41.2%(7 patients) in the first trimester and 58.8%(10 patients) second trimester. The mean fasting blood glucose level was 96 mg/dl in the GDM group and 83 mg/dl in the non-GDM group, with a statistically significant difference, which existed (p <0.05). The mean 50-gram OGTT value was 170 mg/dl in pregnant women diagnosed with GDM in the first trimester, and it was 140 mg/dl in those diagnosed in the second trimester, with this difference was considered statistically different (p <0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The half of patients was diagnosed with GDM in the early period of pregnancy. In the present study, 41.2% of cases were diagnosed in the 1st trimester and 58.8% in the 2nd trimester. In general, the patients diagnosed in the 1st trimester were those being under risk in terms of gestational diabetes mellitus. According to the present study, it is recommended that the pregnant women should be scanned for gestational diabetes mellitus in the early period.