GİRİŞ ve AMAÇ: Bu çalışma bir kamu üniversitesinde öğrenim gören yabancı uyruklu öğrencilerin sosyal ve akademik uyumları ve etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütüldü
YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Tanımlayıcı ve analitik desende planlanan çalışma, 25 Ocak-20 Mayıs 2017 tarihleri arasında yapıldı. Çalışmanın evrenini, bir kamu üniversitesinin Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Tıp Fakültesi ve Sağlık Meslek Yüksekokulu birinci sınıfında öğrenim gören yabancı uyruklu 77 öğrenci oluşturdu. Çalışmada örneklem seçimini gidilmemiş olup, çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 69 öğrenci çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturdu (Katılma Oranı: %89.6). Veriler, “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Üniversiteye Uyum Ölçeği” ile toplandı.
BULGULAR: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 20,78±2.07 ve %72.5’nin kız olduğu belirlendi. Öğrencilerin çoğunlukla (%53.6) Somali ve (%10.1) Türkmenistan uyruklu olduğu ve %73.9’nun 3 yıldan fazla Türkiye’de yaşadığı belirlendi. Öğrencilerin üniversiteye uyum ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 94,52±13,36 iken, sosyal uyum 80,59±11,85 ve akademik uyum puan ortalamasının 13,92±2,97 olduğu saptandı. Bununla birlikte öğrencilerin en fazla dil sorunu ve ekonomik sorun yaşadığı belirlendi. Erkek öğrencilerin akademik uyumun
anlamlı olarak yüksek olduğu belirlenirken, önceden Türkçe bilenlerin ve ailesi ile birlikte kalan öğrencilerin üniversiteye uyumları ve sosyal uyumlarının, Türkçe eğitim alanların ise üniversiteye uyumlarının daha yüksek olduğu saptandı. Ayrıca
ekonomik durumun üniversiteye uyumu anlamlı olarak etkilediği belirlendi.
TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: Öğrencilerin üniversiteye uyum düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu ve cinsiyet, ekonomik durum, kalınan yer, Türkçe eğitim alma ve önceden Türkçe bilme durumu gibi değişkenlerinin akademik ve sosyal uyumun önemli yordayıcıları olduğu belirlendi.

INTRODUCTION: This study was aimed to determination of the factors affecting the social and academic adjustment of international students studying at a public university.
METHODS: The study was planned by descriptive and analytical survey method between 25 January and 20 May 2017. The population of the study was composed of 77 international students studying in the first class of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Vocational School of a public university. No sample selection was made in the study and 69 students who agreed to participate in the study constituted the sample of the study (Participation Rate: 89.6%). The data were collected with the “Personal Information Form” and the “Adjustment to University Scale”.
RESULTS: The average age of the participants was 20.78 ± 2.07 and 72.5% of the students were female. Most of the students
were 53.6% Somalia and 10.1% Turkmenistan, and 73.9% were living in Turkey for more than 3 years. The mean score of the students’ adjustment scale to the university was 94.52 ± 13.36, while the social adjustment was 80.59 ± 11.85 and the academic adjustment score was 13.92 ± 2.97. However, it was determined that the students had the most language problems and economic problems. While it was determined that academic adjustment was significantly higher in male students, it was determined that those who know Turkish in advance and stay with family had higher adjustment and social adjustment to the university. It was also found that who Turkish educated higher adjustment to the university and the economic situation significantly affected adjustment to the university.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It was determined that the level of adjustment of the students to the university was high and that variables such as gender, staying place, economic situation and knowledge of Turkish language were important predictors of academic and social adjustment.

INTRODUCTION: To investigate the potential advantage of routinely examined biochemical markers; PAPP-A (pregnancy related plasma protein A) and ßHCG values, in the first trimester screening test for the screening and early diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) disease that occured in the following weeks of pregnancy without bringing any additional cost.
METHODS: This study was designed as a retrospective cohort study. In this study singleton pregnancies were included whose first trimester trisomy screening tests were examined in our hospital and also deliviries of them took place in our hospital with the routine pregnancy follow up between January 2014 – December 2016. The pregnancies were divided into two groups as GDM and control group. The functional role of biochemical markers ( PAPP-A (MoM), ßhcg (MoM)) in the first trimester screening test were investigated for early diagnosis of GDM which appeared in the later gestational weeks of pregnancy
RESULTS: In the GDM group; maternal age, the number of pregnancies, parity, abort and living children were found significantly
high, according to the control group (p<0.05). Statistically significant difference was not observed between PAPP-A (MoM), ßhcg (MoM), NT (mm) ve NT (MoM), gestational week of delivery, birth infant weight, APGAR 1.minute and APGAR 5.minute in the GDM group.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: No statistically significant relationship was established between biochemical markers of first trimester screening test and GDM in this study. However, more patients and carefully planned prospective studies are needed in this subject.

INTRODUCTION: Rheumatoid heart disease (RHD) is an important and preventable cause of cardiovascular disease in developing countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) in RHD.
METHODS: This study was carried out in Kayseri Health Sciences University, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, with 135 children with RHD who were retrospectively observed between February 2000 and February 2017 for seven years and 40 healthy children with similar age and sex.
RESULTS: The mean age of the 135 patients enrolled in the study was 12,43 ± 3,11 years, 70 were males (51,8%) and 65 were females (48,2%). The mean age of the control group was 12,96 ± 2,55 years, 21,21 male (52,5%) and 19 female (47,5%). MPV values of the patients were significantly lower in the RHD group (9,43 ± 1,31 and 10,21 ± 1,25, p: 0,003).Conversely, the PDW levels were significantly higher in the RHD group (15,70 (15,40-16,00) and 12,25 (10,40-14,30), p: 0,001). When MPV / PDW ratio was examined, it was found to be significantly lower in the RHD group (0,61 (0,55-0,71) and 0,87 (0,79-0,93), p: 0,001).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: MPV values were lower and PDW values were higher when compared to controls in RHD process.

INTRODUCTION: It is known that in the mining and construction sector, health problems related to various types of risk factors such as noise, dust and temperature exposed to the workers as operators are known in the process of taking core samples. This research was conducted to determine the reproductive health status of married males working as core boring operators in the mining and construction sector in the Marmara Region.
METHODS: The ethical permission required to carry out this scientific inquiry has been obtained by the relevant institution. In this study, 75 married male workers working in the mining and construction sector in the Marmara Region and 75 male married men working in the office in different sectors were categorized and tested by chi-square test and the level of significance was p <0, 05.
RESULTS: Regarding the reproductive health of married males working as operators in core sampling, statistical significance was observed between the control group and the low number, stillbirth and spousal pregnancy durations. Statistical significance of BMI, alcohol use, smoking and chronic diseases were also examined for reproductive health-related indicators.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: As a result of the questionnaires and statistical studies, it was found that the reproductive health effects of men working as operators in core sampling were significant (p <0,05) compared to men working in the office environment, depending on working conditions and demographics.

INTRODUCTION: Vulvovaginal complaints are one of the top reasons for applying to medical institutions in women. Vulvovaginal infections also take an important place in chief complaints in sexually transmitted diseases in women. Sexually transmitted diseases can cause permanent reproductive health problems in women. This situation shows the importance of the fact that sexually transmitted diseases must be diagnosed in patient population who apply to medical institutions with vulvovaginal infection symptoms. Today bacterial, parasitic and fungal vulvovaginal infection causes like Candida Albicans, Gardnerella Vaginalis, Trichomonas Vaginalis, N. Gonorrhoeae, Syphilis
make up 80% of the total vulvovaginal diseases. In this cross-sectional study, having information on the frequency of sexually transmitted diseases in Turkey indirectly and comparison of treatment options are aimed.
METHODS: 386 non-bleeding patients who applied to Doktor Zekai Tahir Burak Women’s Hospital gynecology polyclinic, were screened for STD (Sexually Transmitted Disease). Culture, fresh preparate, and gram staining methods were used for screening. In any of these methods, individuals from groups where agent was not shown, who had leucocyte count greater than 10, were identified as leucocyte group. In the screening, individuals from groups where agent was not shown, who had leucocyte count less than 10, were identified as local hygiene group. Group which was identified as leucocyte was considered as the 20% that was not in the scope of this study, consist of viral and idiopathic agents.
RESULTS: Between April-June 1996, 386 patients who were eligible for given conditions, applied to Gynaecology polyclinic.
Candida 19.9% (77 patients), Trichomonas 2.3% (9 patients), and Bacteriel Vaginosis as the second most frequent with 15%
were observed. Patient count with leucocyte were found as 11.3% (30 patients) and this group was considered as Chlamydia
+ Microplasma + Viral infection. 268 patients underwent examinations, and this was accounted as 69.4% of the total group. Effectiveness of treatment differences were compared.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In our study, gonorrhea 1.03% (4/386), syphilis 1.03% (4/386), trichomonas 2.3% (9/386), Bacterial Vaginosis 15.2% (59/386), Candida Albicans 19.9% (77/386) were found in non-bleeding patients who applied to Gynaecology Polyclinic. We decided that, even though treatment protocols have different active agents, treatment agents don’t have superiority over one another, no matter how precisely treatment protocols were applied, as the changes caused by individual behavior differences cannot be eliminated.

INTRODUCTION: This study aims to investigate the fetal and maternal outcomes associated with macrosomic fetuses in our hospital.
METHODS: Two hundred forty three fetuses (Group 1) with 4500 grams and above and 378 fetuses (Group 2) with 3500-4500 grams who were born in Zeynep Kamil Women’s and Children’s Hospital of Education and Research Hospital between August 2013 and October 2017 were included in this retrospective study.
RESULTS: The mean age was 30.97 ± 6.24 and the mean parity was 2.28 ± 1.24. The mean gestational week was 39.46 ± 1.30. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of number of pregnancies and gestational week(p <0.05). There was statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of postpartum hemorrhage (p <0.01) and postterm rate (p <0.01). A significant difference was found in macrosomic group in terms of the number of cases with APGAR score <7 at 1 and 5 min, number of male infants and need for neonatal intensive care (p <0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Fetal macrosomia is associated with high mortality and morbidity. The type of delivery should be evaluated carefully.

INTRODUCTION: The aim was to compare the perioperative and postoperative outcomes of total laparoscopic hysterectomy(TLH), total abdominal hysterectomy(TAH), and vaginal hysterectomy( VH) in a selected group of patients.
METHODS: Two hundred twenty-three hysterectomies were included in this study. The patients were separated into three groups. Group1 included patients with TLH(n=63); TAH patients were placed in Group 2(n=133), and Group 3 was made up of patients who underwent VH(n=37). All three groups had similar ages, parities, and uterine sizes. The main outcome measures were operation time, fever, need for analgesia, duration of hospital survellience, return to work time, perioperative and postoperative complications, the number of blood transfusions, and costs of the surgery.
RESULTS: The total operation time was the shortest in the VH group. There was no significant difference in the hospital survellience
duration between the three groups. The VH was found to be the cheapest type of hysterectomy. When the VH group was compared with the TLH group, there was no difference in the use of analgesics for postoperative pain or the time return to work. The VH group patients required more blood transfusions in contrast with the TAH(p=0.001) and TLH groups(p<0.001).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: VH had similar operative and postoperative outcomes but the shortest duration of operation and the lowest surgical cost compared with the other two techniques.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) in our clinic during the first 6 months and the last 6 months by a single surgeon.
METHODS: Eighty-one patients who underwent TLH between January 2016 and December 2016 due to benign diseases were evaluated retrospectively using age, parity, BMI, indications, length of hospitalization, blood loss, and duration of operation time. The cases were examined in 2 groups as the first 6 months (Group 1) and the last 6 months (Group 2). Analysis of the data was done using t test.
RESULTS: The mean age for Group 1 was 50,676,60 years, parity 2,291,37, and BMI 31,993,84 kg/m2. The mean age for Group 2
was 53,88.49 years, parity 2,691,44, and BMI 31,863,57 kg/m2. Endometrial hyperplasia (n=42, 51.8%) was the most common
indication for hysterectomy in 81 cases included in the study. The mean length of hospitalization for Group 1 was 2.410.56 days, blood loss was 1.070.37 g/dl. The mean length of hospitalization for Group 2 was 2.360.56 days and blood loss was 1.050.44 g/dl. There was no significant difference in age, parity, BMI, length of hospitalization, and blood loss between the two groups as Group 1 and Group 2 (p> 0,05). The operation time for Group 1 was calculated as 100,2216,64 minutes and the operation time for Group 2 was calculated as 75,8118,45 minutes. When the operation times of Group 1 and Group 2 total laparoscopic hysterectomies performed by a single surgeon were compared, it was observed that the operations performed in Group 2 were significantly decreased in duration (p <0,05). Just intraoperative complications developed in group 2. Bladder injury was repaired as a primer.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Total laparoscopic hysterectomy is a safe and convenient method for gynecological diseases. Total laparoscopic hysterectomy seems safe and effective for many patients after adequate training. After a certain learning curve, the duration of the operation is shortened.

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to investigate the relationship between daily smoking doses and maternal and perinatal outcomes.
METHODS: This study was conducted between 2015 and 2017 in Zeynep Kamil Women’s and Children’s Hospital Education and Research Hospital. 1029 pregnancies who did not smoke and 261 pregnancies who smoked were included in the study. Patients were divided into subgroups (≤5 pcs / day, 5-15 pcs / day,> 15 pcs / day), which were mild, moderate and heavy smokers. Demographic characteristics of the patients
were recorded. All maternal and perinatal outcomes were evaluated.
RESULTS: 28.4% of the smokers were using ≤5 cigarettes per day, 62.5% of the smokers were using 5-15 cigarettes and 9.2% of the smokers were using> 15 cigarettes. Birth weight, gestational week of birth, birth height, 1st minute apgar scores and 5th minute apgar scores were statistically significantly lower in pregnancies who smoked. The birth weight of smokers was 162 grams lower than pregnancies who did not smoke (p <0.0001). There was no significant difference between the groups regards to type of delivery and the sex of the infants. Rates of preeclampsia, premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), fetal growth restriction (IUGR), intrauterine fetal demise and neonatal care unit admission were statistically significantly higher in pregnancies who smoked. When subgroups were compared, pregnancies who smoked > 15 cigarettes per day were found to have statistically significantly lower birth weight and higher rates of
neonatal intensive care unit admission.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that the risk of low birth weight and risk of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit increased with increasing cigarette usage during pregnancy.

INTRODUCTION: Cancer is one of the most leading causes of death in Turkey as well as in the world. It is very critical to cure the cancer via targeted therapy that is locally applied and shows minimum side effects for patient’s life quality. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a local, photochemistry based treatment, which has minimum side effects. In brief, PDT is a result of a combination of photosensitizer, a drug that is activated by light, light and oxygen that generates free radicals and/or singlet oxygen and starts series of reactions in cell and eventually cause cell death. While light, oxygen and photosensitizer has no cytotoxic effect alone, combination of three starts all photochemical reactions and as a result cytotoxicity is generated in the tissue. Photosensitizer, converting light energy to the chemical energy in the cell, is the most critical component of PDT. One way to improve effectiveness of PDT is to combine it with different
treatment modalities. Cancer and other degenerative diseases involve several pathological mechanisms and require multiple
treatment methods such as combination therapies. A combination therapy targets to bring together current therapies and/
or drugs to act upon different cellular signaling pathways/ cell damage pathways thus activating various mechanisms in the cell increasing the success rate of the treatment. In the light of these information, a new combination therapy, based on PDT
and chemotherapy, has been investigated towards SKOV-3 over cancer cell line. A novel and water-soluble photosensitizer and
a chemotherapy drug called Irinotecan that is been used in clinic were employed. Our results showed that outcome of the combination therapy, which is composed of PDT and chemotherapy, highly depends on the order of the treatment. For instance, when PDT applied first, strong antagonism is observed at certain drug concentrations. On the other hand, synergism is observed using the same drug concentrations yet by only changing the order of the treatment.
METHODS:
RESULTS:
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION:

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to determine the advantages and disadvantages of both techniques by comparing maternal and fetal outcomes in patients who underwent elective cesarean section with general anesthesia or spinal anesthesia.
METHODS: 100 pregnant women who underwent elective cesarean operation due to recurrence history of cesarean section count between 1 and 3 were included. Cases with pregestational or gestational morbidity were excluded. The pregnancies were randomly divided into two equal groups. General anesthesia was performed in cases group I and spinal anesthesia was performed in cases group II. Demographic datas of pregnants, fetal delivery time, duration of operation, preoperative (preop) and postoperative (postop) hemoglobin (hb) and hematocrit (htc) levels, operative blood loss, APGAR (Activity, Pulse, Grimace, Appearance, Respiration) score and umblical artery pH test, which are used in the evaluation of asphyxia and fetal well-being were compared in two groups.
RESULTS: The age, gravida, parity, birth week and the birth weight of newborns were similar in general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia cases (p> 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between preop and postop hb and htc in groupI and grupII. When the groups were compared in terms of operative blood loss (Preoperative hb- Postoperative hb, Preoperative htc- Postoperative htc), the difference was not significant while the general anesthesia group had more blood loss (p = 013, p = 0.10 respectively). In both groups, the 1st and 5th minute apgar scores and umbilical artery pH values were similar (p=0.88, p=0.43, p=0.11 respectively). However, when 1st and 5th minute apgar scores were evaluated in both groups 5th minute apgar scores were significantly higher than 1st minute apgar (P <0.001, P <0.001).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It is found that maternal and fetal outcomes of both anesthesia techniques are similar in elective cesarean section cases. When choosing anesthesia technique in elective cesarean section operation, comorbidity of the pregnancy, urgency of operation, experience of anesthetist, expectancy and preference of mother should be taken into consideration.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this research is to determine the effect of the body image of pregnancy on the breastfeeding attitude and the postpartum breastfeeding process.
METHODS: The sample of the study consisted of 242 pregnant women who applied to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of a public hospital. Personal information form, Breastfeeding Attitudes of The Evaluation Scale (BAES) and The Multidimensional Body- Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) were administered by face-to-face interview method at the first visit. At the end of the sixth month, mothers were contacted by telephone and the Breastfeeding Process Evaluation Form was applied (n = 113). In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistical methods, Kruskal Wallis test and Spearman correlation analysis were used.
RESULTS: It was determined that 61.2% of pregnants were in the age range of 18-25 years, 31.4% of them were high school graduates, 85.1% were not working and 66.1% had a moderate level of income. The mean of the mean scores of the pregnant women were 209.02 ± 19.80; The average score of BAES is 107.95 ± 12.74. There was a significant positive correlation between the mean scores of MBSRQ scale and BAES scores (p <0.000, r = 0.249). During the postnatal period, 77% of the mothers nursed their babies, 54.1% of the mothers suckled for 5-6 months, 49.4% of them fed their babies for 6 months only with breast milk and 50.6% mixed. It was determined that there was no significant difference between the nutritional status of the breastfeeding status, duration of breastfeeding and the baby during 6 months of postpartum period and MBSRQ points average (p> 0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Women with a positive body image in pregnancy were found to have higher breastfeeding attitudes. It was determined that the body image in the pregnancy did not affect the postnatal breastfeeding process.

INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the efficiency of Ovarian Cancer Symptom Index questionnaire by itself to define malignancy in patients with adnexial mass and to evaluate additional effect of CA125 and transvaginal ultrasonography on the index.
METHODS: 79 patients being prepared for operation because of adnexial mass in our clinic has been included in our study. Ovarian Cancer Symptom Index, CA125, transvaginal ultrasonography parameters were determined in preoperative term.Types, frequencies, severity and duration of symptoms were questionned and compared benign and malign cases. Parameters were compared with histopathology results after the surgery.
RESULTS: We did not find difference of Ovarin Cancer Syptom Index positivity between women with benign and malign adnexial mass (p>0.05). The sensitivity, specifity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of Ovarin Cancer Syptom Index by itself were %68, %65, 0.41, 0.61 consequently. When we used The Symptom Index combined with CA125, we calculated sensitivity %73, spesifity %64, pozitive predictive value 0.32 and negative predictive value 0,76. The symptoms of abdominal pain, bloating, distension, eating disorders were significantly different between the groups. We found that Ultrasonographic Morphologic Scoring System by Sassone et al. was significant to differentiate malign and benign masses preoperatively.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Contemporary Ovarian Cancer Symptom Index used in this study has not enough efficiency itself to differentiate malign and benign adnexial masses.It would be more useful to arrange a new symptom index for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer by using the symptoms which were significant to determine malignancy in our study.

INTRODUCTION: To describe the myths related to pregnancy and childbirth of pregnant women.
METHODS: The sample of this descriptive study 368 pregnant attending outpatient clinic of the obstetrics department of a hospital between 24 June and 30 November 2013 and accepting to participate in study were included. Questionnaire myths related to pregnancy and childbirth and participant information form prepared by the researchers, and was used to collect data and conducted face-to-face. Data were analyzed
with arithmetic average, standard deviation, percentage distributions. Statistical significance was p <0.05 was accepted.
RESULTS: The average age of the pregnant women in the our study was 27.02±6.16 years. Pregnant women’ myths the most prominent related to pregnancy were myths about sexuality and nausea-vomiting in pregnancy. As to the myths abouth the birth, associated with birth pain and myths for nutrition were higher rate.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Nowadays that maternal-friendly hospital concept is remain on the agenda, myths related to pregnancy and childbirth of pregnant women is more. In this sense to eliminate wrong or negative myths about pregnancy and birth, pregnant women should be informed or in pregnancy information classes or participation in pregnancy training classes should be encouraged.

INTRODUCTION: Endometrial carcinomas are divided into two groups roughly: Endometrioid (Type I) and NVon-endometrioid (Type II). The majority of the endometrial carcinomas are of endometrioid type and, this type of carcinoma is associated with hyperplasia which is formed due to unopposed estrogen.In this study, our purpose is to reveal the expression status of the PTEN, MLH1, ARID1A and β-catenin, biomarkers in all types of endometrial hyperplasia (EH) and endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EC).
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study with 202 cases including 82 EC cases, 71 simple EH cases without atypia, 16 complex EH cases without atypia, 9 simple atypical EH cases, 24 complex atypical EH cases which were diagnosed at Istanbul Civilization University Göztepe Training and Research Hospital. 10 normal endometrial tissues were used for the purpose of control.
RESULTS: In our study, loss of PTEN ratio was 61%, loss of ARID1A ratio was 52,4%, loss of MLH1 ratio was 40,2% in patients with EC. These ratios were 87,5%, 41,7%, 20,8%, respectively in patients with atypical complex EH and 12,7%; 4,2%; 1,4% in patients with simple EH without atypia.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In the light of these findings it has been demonstrated that PTEN, ARID1A and MLH1 have a role in the transition from simple EH to atypical complex EH, and also MLH1 has a role in the transition from aytpical complex EH to EC.

INTRODUCTION: This study was planned to determine the status of fathers living in Gumushane and their support for their emotions and spouses during their pregnancy.
METHODS: The study is descriptive. Universe of the study; Gumushane father that refers to the State Hospital, sampling is 15.02.2017-15.03.2017 can be reached between the dates and that they father who agreed to join on a voluntary basis to work (N: 400). Frequency and chi square tests were used in the analysis of the data.
RESULTS: The average age of the fathers is 44,11 ± 10,55. 54.2% of the respondents were very excited to hear that they were the father, and 34.5% said they were very proud. It was stated that 65.5% of the participants went to the pregnancy controls with their partner, 76.4% of them helped their spouses during pregnancy, 41.4% of them were empathic towards the mother and 79.8% of them were not disturbed by the physiological changes. 41.8% of fathers stated that they felt the role of paternity in pregnancy and childbirth the most when they took the baby for the first time in their arms.It was determined that 54.1% of the fathers did not receive any education related to the birth process. With the increase of the income situation of the families, it was found that men were more empathetic to their wives during pregnancy period. Again, with the increase in education, men were more likely to go to check with their spouses, to provide more support for spouses during baby care and pregnancy, and to share this process more with partners.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Involvement of fathers during pregnancy and childbirth causes children to better mental-social-emotional development and maternal health. For a healthy society and the future, your father should be involved in the prenatal process.

INTRODUCTION: To evaluate maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancies diagnosed with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF).
METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 40 pregnancies diagnosed with FMF who received antenatal care at our perinatology unit between 2012 -2017 included in this clinical study. Clinical characteristics of patients, perinatal and maternal outcomes were evaluated.
RESULTS: The mean patient age was 30.75 ±6.15 and the nulliparity rate was 42,5 %. The mean duration of illness was found to be 8,36 ± 5.44 years. 7 patients had an attack during pregnancy. 90 %of the patients received medical treatment. Mean gestational age at delivery was 37,3±4.5, mean birth weight was 3115±547 g. Preterm delivery, fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia rates were 10, 5, 10 %respectively. Fetal and neonatal loss, congenital anomalous birth was not observed.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Multidisciplinary approach to the care of pregnancy diagnosed with FMF is associated with good maternal and fetal outcomes.

INTRODUCTION: Vitamin B12 deficiency is a clinical entity that is common in children and can confort with a wide variety of finding. This study was conducted to draw attention to the fact that Vitamin B12 deficiency may confront many symptoms and findings without anemia.
METHODS: Our study was retrospective and performed by 309 patients who applied policlinics for various reasons of Zeynep Kamil Women And Children Diseases Hospital between the dates of january 2015 and july 2015. At the study children whose Vitamin B12 levels measured for any reason were inspected.Besides Vitamin B12 levels,levels of folate, iron, iron binding capacity, ferritin, parameters of hemogram and reasons of application to policlinic were evaluated statistically.
RESULTS: Vitamin B12 deficiency was detected in %43.7 (135) of 309 cases whereas Vitamin B12 level %56,3 (174).In cases with B 12 deficiency, fatigue %20,5 (26), loss of appetite %17,3 (22), paleness %15 (19), growth retardation %8,7 (11) and other complaints (impaired walking, convulsions, diarrhea, percent swelling, early puberty, menstrual irregularity etc ) were found to be %35,4 (45). In case withVitamin B12 deficiency, hemoglobin value was low in only %35,1 (47), normal in %61,9 (83) and hematocrit was low in %38,8 (52), normal in %56 (75) and only %4,8 (4) of cases of high levelmean corpusculer volüm (MCV).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Vitamin B12 deficiency can show itself with many symptoms and findings without causing macrositer anemia. This conclusion will be useful in the early recognition of Vitamin B12 deficiency and prevention of complications that may arise considering the patient approaches

INTRODUCTION: This study is conducted to specify the effects of birth preperation training on the depression risk of pregnant women and their prenatal attachment levels.
METHODS: This semi-experimental designed single group pretest-posttest study was conducted with 44 pregnant women attending the prenatal preparatory class of a public hospital. In the data collection process of the study, Pregnancy Presentation Form, Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PBI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used. The data were collected through interview method by the researchers.
RESULTS: The mean for the age of the participants is 26,29±4,34, for the mean of the participants gestational week is 30,47±3,00, for the gestational observation number is 8,06±2,33. The average BDI score before participating in the birth preparation class is is 14.77 ± 7,40, the mean PBI score is 59,90 ± 12,40. The mean BDI score of the participants after participating in the birth preparation class is 8.06 ± 5.26. The mean PBI score is 71,88 ± 8.25. Prenatal attachment was found high in women who were planned pregnant, nuclear family and working women and the risk of depression was found low in multiparous women.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It has been observed that birth preperation training decreases the depression risk of the pregnant women and increased the level of mother-baby attachment

Warkany syndrome 2 or trisomy 8 mosaicism is a well-described, but very rare, chromosomal abnormality. The phenotype is extremely variable ranging from normal to a severe malformation syndrome. Because of the broad spectrum of clinical findings, this condition is often underdiagnosed. Trisomy 8 mosaicism can affect several organs causing intracranial, genitourinary and skeletal system anomalies, congenital cardiovascular disorders, deep palmar and plantar creases, and neoplastic and hematological disorders. Here, we report trisomy
8 mosaicism in a 3-year-old boy evaluated for facial dysmorphism and delayed development.

Systemic air embolism develops in newborns mostly secondary to idiopathic air infusion, necrotizing enterocolitis
and pulmonary air leak syndromes. A girl infant weighing 1355 g was born at gestational of 28 weeks. She developed apnea and cardiopulmonary arrest secondary to clinical sepsis at postnatal day 9. On radiography and ultrasonography of the premature infant following cardiopulmonary resuscitation for 30 minutes, air was detected in the cranial, systemic and pulmonary vascularity. At long-term followed up of the patient with return of spontaneous circulation with resuscitation, cortical cystic leukomalacia and necrotizing enterocolitis developed
secondary to air embolism. The patient intubated was lost at the day 180 of her life. In this case report, we presented a preterm infant who developed systemic air embolism due to prolonged resuscitation.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (Hamman’s syndrome) is a rare, self-limiting disorder commonly seen in young adult males. It occurs by the flow of air towards to the hilum and mediastinum due to increaced intrathoracic pressure secondary to alveolar rupture. The cases usually present with the complaints of chest pain, neck pain, back pain, dysphonia, dysphagia and coughing. In this article, we present a case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM), who admitted to the pediatric emergency clinic with the complaint of chest pain. SPM should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of chest pain.

Infections experienced in pregnancy have negative effects on pregnancy and intrauterine infections fall within the most important reasons of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Teratogenic infections create a clinically similar picture, they should be assessed together. Another
point making the said infections important is the fact that they cause advanced sequelae in fetus even though they progress asymptomatically in pregnant woman. It may be possible only with proof-based approaches to diagnose the infection in the women and fetuses who experienced infection during their youths, to manage pregnancy, to provide quality healthcare in order to carry out both delivery and postnatal care safely in preventing the transmission of infection from mother to child, to avoid unnecessary applications, to increase the functionality of the applications which are non-routine but proven to be useful, to avoid using unpractical applications. Healthcare
professionals should take proof-based approaches as a guide in providing healthcare in order to reach the said targets and integrate them into clinical practice. The purpose in this compilation is to discuss the operations in case of infectious diseases in pregnancy (vaccination,
serological screening and diagnosis tests, prenatal diagnosis tests, treatment and newborn breastfeeding) with the results of meta-analysis and systematic compilation of randomized studies in the literature.

Medication use in pregnancy is a common problem and question. Nearly half of pregnant women (30-90%) use at least one prescription medication during pregnancy. In addition to prescription drugs, pregnant women use over the counter drugs for which are limited data in
pregnancy. Pregnant patients exposed to drugs should be informed about potential effects of medications. The United States- Food and Drug Administration’s (US- FDA) pregnancy categories (A, B, C, D, and X), which provide short and practical data, have recently been removed and replaced with an evidence-based approach. An overall classification for pregnancy is not sufficient when used alone. A research-based risk evaluation of potential adverse health effects resulting from drug use in pregnancy has three important parts: risk assessment, risk communication and risk management. An accurate risk evaluation about drug safety in pregnancy and informing women exposed to drugs may help reduce maternal concerns and prevent unnecessary pregnancy terminations.

Vaccination has a very critical importance for the personal and public protection against the infectious diseases. Preventive medical applications are strongly related with the level of development of a society. Because of this, it has a very important place in the health policies that a society –in its own inner dynamics- creates its own vaccination calendar applied in our country is in the level of developed countries. It draws the attention that there is serious confusion on issues of the vaccination campaigns applied due to the recent increase in the measles cases, the observation of Hepatitis A in the mature individuals sensitive to Hepatitis A after the inclusion of Hepatitis A vaccination into the national vaccination calendar and its fulminant course, the application of meningococcal vaccination in our land and situation of the children whose parents reject the application of vaccination. This review is written in order to resolve these confusions.

Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder that affects 0.5% of women in reproductive age. This health condition can cause pregnancy complications and vital problems in terms of mother, fetus and newborn. Therefore, the management of epilepsy is of special importance in preconceptional, pregnancy, birth and postpartum periods. It is suggested that epileptic women planning
pregnancy, especially who are using antiepileptic drugs (AED,) should start to use adequate dose of folic acid 2-3 months before pregnancy because of the risk of neural tube defects. In order to have a healthy pregnancy for both mother and fetus, using prenatal screening and diagnostic tests, appropriate monotherapy drug selection, control of seizures, education and counseling on routine pregnancy
monitoring and care would be appropriate. The AED regime must be maintained regularly in the innatal period. There is no problem for the vaginal deliveries of epileptic pregnant women. However, literature suggests that cesarean birth is preferred. K vitamin supplements should
not be forgotten due to the risk of hemorrhage in infants of epileptic mothers using AED. Although many AED’s pass from mother to baby, it is stated that they are not harmful to the baby and there is no contraindication to breastfeeding. For this reason, nurses support and counseling for breastfeeding mothers is very important in the postnatal period. In order to avoid triggering postpartum seizures, epileptic mothers have a greater need for sleeping, resting, nutrition, and support systems compared to other postpartum populations. This support should also be maintained in relation to neonatal care. Postpartum hormonal contraceptives for epileptic women should not
be the first choice because of the interaction with AEDs. In this article, the importance of preconceptional care in
epilepsy, prognosis of epilepsy during pregnancy, its effects on pregnancy, fetus and neonatal health, management of epilepsy in prenatal, innatal and postnatal periods are discussed in the light of literature.

This study aims to systematically investigate nursing studies on the Complementary and Alternative Therapies (CAT) for interventional
pain management in pediatric age groups in Turkey. Within the scope of the research, the studies published in Turkish and English languages in the last 5 years (January 2012-December 2016) and found using the keywords “complementary medicine”, “alternative medicine”, “child” and “pain” were examined. As a result of the study, 15 nursing studies, in which CAT practices had been applied regarding pain management in pediatric age groups in Turkey, were selected. The sample of the study consisted of these 15 articles. Of these studies, 13 were randomized controlled experimental, 1 was non-randomized experimental and the other 1 was quasi-experimental study.
It was determined that the CAT practices applied in 14 of the studies were interventional to relieve pain, whereas one of them
was found to have no effect on pain. Although CAT has been used to reduce pain in pediatric age groups in Turkey in recent years, it is necessary to increase the number of evidence-based studies for a wider acceptance of complementary and alternative
therapies.