INTRODUCTION: To determine the levels of depression, anxiety and sexual dysfunction in obese female patients and to investigate their relationship to body-mass index.
METHODS: The study group was selected among obese sexually active female patients who presented to the obesity clinic without organic and/or psychiatric disorders that could possibly effect sexual functions while the control group was selected among non-obese sexually active female patients without pyschiatric diagnoses or who do not undergo treatment for such disorders. All patients completed sociodemographic data questionnaire, Arizona Sexual Experience Scale – Female questionnaire, Beck Anxiety Scale, Beck Depression Scale, Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and two groups were compared to each other.
RESULTS: The age range for the women in the study (n=102) was between 29 and 57 with a mean of 43,60±6,44 years. The was no statistically signicant difference between mean ages of the obese and non-obese groups in the study (p>0.05). In the presence of obesity, statistically significant difference between the groups were found in the scores of Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale, Beck Depression and Anxiety Scales, total FSFI and subgroups of FSFI except for pain, with the obese group demonstrating a higher frequency of sexual dysfunction, anxiety and depression compared to the non-obese group (p<0.01). Analyzed for all patients (n=102), the scores of FSFI scores were found to be positively correlated (p<0,01) and when adjusted for Beck depression and anxiety scores the same correlation was detected. BMI values of the patients with sexual dysfunction were found to be significantly higher than those without
sexual dysfunction (p=0.001; p<0.01). The cut-off value for BMI according to presence of sexual dysfunction was found to be 32.9 and above.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In this study, it was found that sexual dysfunctions in obese individuals were higher than non-obese women, regardless of their anxiety and depression levels. Especially in women with a BMI 32.9, sexual functions should be questioned, and women with sexual dysfunction should be encouraged to lose weight and receive psychiatric support.

INTRODUCTION: Childhood psychic traumas are seen as a serious
risk factor for adult psychopathologies. Cyberbullying is a new
field of study and its severity is increasing day by day. The aim
of this study is to research the relationship between childhood
psychic trauma, cyberbullying and alexithymia.
METHODS: 524 young adults aged 20-50 were included in the study. Sociodemographic Data Form, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) and Revised Cyber Bullying Scale (RCBS) were applied to the participants via online materials.
RESULTS: Individuals who are with early psychic trauma have significantly higher scores of cyberbully others and exposuring cyberbullying and alexithymia. Exposuring cyberbullying scores of individuals with early psychic trauma are significantly higher than people who cyberbully others. Alexithymia scores of cyberbully others and exposuring cyberbullying individuals are significantly higher. Alexithymia predicts early psychic trauma and cyberbullying predicts alexithymia.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The study clearly demonstrates the relationship between early psychic trauma, which is an important factor in the development of psychopathology, and cyber bullying and alexithymia, in the young adult group.

INTRODUCTION: Healthy child monitoring is an important part of the basic health services. Its’ aim is to evaluate the health parameters, including feeding, growth and development and vaccination, of the infants and children after birth. It can be applied by a team consisted of the doctors, nurses and the family. We aimed to investigate the sociodemographic factors affecting the feeding, growth and development and vaccination during the first 6 months of the life around our region.
METHODS: The study was planned as a survey study. The survey was applied to the parents of the children who were admitted to the healthy child outpatient clinic. The feeding, growth and development and vaccination status were evaluated. In the query, there were 12 questions related to mother and her behavior about the feeding, growth and development and vaccination during the first 6 months, 7 questions about father and 9 questions about the child and brothers. Additional questions about the economical status of the family were present. The local ethic comity approved the study and informed consent was obtained from the families.
RESULTS: A total of 452 children included the study (232 were male). The mean age of the patients was 2.61±1.45 years. The rate of breast feeding with birth was 95.5%, feeding with only breast milk during the first six months was %65, feeding with breast milk and formula was %30.5 and feeding with only formula was %4.4. All vaccines were applied to all children (100%). The 62.4%of the children had a regular follow up for growth and development. Some factors had a positive effect on the regular follow up of growth and development; higher education level of the parents (p<0.01), working mother (p<0.01), regular follow up during pregnancy (p<0.01), receiving training from postpartum health personnel (p<0.01), gestational age >37 weeks (p<0,05), higher economical status (p<0,01). While some had negative effect; receiving training from family members (p<0,01), father smoking (p<0,01), increasing child number (p<0,01), crowded family (P<0,05), lower social security (green card) (p<0,01).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The sociodemographic factors that affect the healthy child monitorisation should be evaluated in all regions. By correcting the negative conditions, the feeding, growth and development and vaccination status of the infants and children after birth can be improved.

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to examine knowledge of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and perspectives about HPV vaccine of patients referred to a tertiary hospital for colposcopic examination.
METHODS: One hundred ninety-seven HPV positive patients undergoing colposcopic examination at a tertiary center between 01.12.2018 and 01.05.2019 were included to the study.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 38.60 ± 8.78 years. Although 56.9% of the patients had knowledge of HPV vaccine, 86.8% of the patients did not consider that every woman should be vaccinated. About 41% of the patients stated that there was no consensus among physicians as a reason why women did not have HPV vaccination. There was no statistically significant difference between patients with and without knowledge of HPV in terms of educational status (p=0.291).About 56% of the patients with knowledge of HPV stated that they had regular smear tests. There was a statistically significant difference between patients with and without knowledge of HPV in terms of having regular smear tests (p=0.001).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Although patients had knowledge of HPV, they had anxieties about vaccine safety and vaccination coverage.

INTRODUCTION: To compare postoperative visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), endothelial cell density and anterior chamber cell numbers of patients who received either intracameral cefuroxime or moxifloxacin at the end of cataract surgery.
METHODS: Fifty five eyes of 42 patients who underwent cataract surgery between March 2008 and March 2009 in the Eye Clinic of Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital were included in the study. Eyes that received intracameral cefuroxime or moxifloxacin at the end of cataract surgery were evaluated. Preoperative and postoperative VA, IOP values, endothelial cell density and anterior chamber cell numbers of the patients were recorded.
RESULTS: Twenty of the patients were male and 22 of them were female. Their average age was 52.18 ± 4.25 years. Mean age of first (cefuroxime) and second (moxifloxacin) group patients was 43.34 ± 7.19 and 60.1 ± 4.72 years respectively. While there was 26 eyes of 21 patients in the first group, 29 eyes of 21 patients were in the second group.. No statistically significant difference was found in both groups regarding age, pre- and postoperative VA and IOP values, endothelial cell density, anterior chamber cell amount and follow-up time (p> 0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in postoperative VA, IOP, anterior chamber cell count and endothelial cell density between patients who received cefuroxime and moxifloxacin to the anterior chamber at end of cataract surgery for endophthalmitis prophylaxis.

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to compare pre and post-operative pulmonary function between women who underwent laparoscopic or abdominal hysterectomy.
METHODS: We prospectively collected data between January 2015 and November 2016 at Health Sciences University Zeynep Kamil Women and Children’s Diseases Training and Research Hospital. Patients who were admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology clinic with a hysterectomy indication were non-randomly allocated into 2 groups as the laparoscopy group (n=24) and the open surgery group (n=26) according to patient priorities and surgeons’ preference. Patients who had already undergone an abdominal operation and systemic disorders were excluded from the study. Pulmonary function tests were assessed and compared preoperatively and at postoperative day five.
RESULTS: There were significant changes in majority of the parameters of pulmonary function test after surgery compared to
baseline measurements except PaCO2, PaO2 and SaO2 levels in group of women who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy.
There were significant changes in majority of the parameters of pulmonary function test after surgery compared to baseline measurements except PaCO2 levels in group of women who underwent total laparoscopic hysterectomy.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Both laparoscopic and abdominal hysterectomies were associated with deteriorated pulmonary function tests.

INTRODUCTION: The ideal controlled ovarian stimulation protocol for patients with poor ovarian response (POR) is not clear yet, and is the subject of many studies. Aromatase inhibitors have been introduced as a new treatment modality in controlled ovarian stimulation as they were found to elevate follicular sensitivity to gonadotropins (Gn). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether it is possible to reduce the required Gn dose by adding letrozole to the treatment without compromising success.
METHODS: Patients who underwent in vitro fertilization treatment between 2014 and 2015 in our department and who were classified as poor responder patients according to Bologna criteria were recruited and randomized. In the first group, 33 patients were treated with 150 IU Gn in combination with letrozole 5 mg /day for the first five days of the stimulation. In the second group, 27 patients were treated with 300 IU Gn.
RESULTS: Amoung the groups there were no statistically significant difference in duration of ovulation stimulation, duration of antagonist
use, number of retrieved oocytes, number of transferred embryos, implantation, cycle cancelation, chemical, clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates (all p>0.05). Gn use was significantly higher in 300 IU Gn alone group compared to 150 IU Gn in combination with letrozole group (1354 ± 468 IU versus 2555 ± 725 IU, p<0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The addition of letrozole yields comparable pregnancy outcomes with significantly low doses of Gn, so may be regarded as an effective adjuvant agent in POR patients.

Endometriosis is the ectopic presence of the endometrial stroma and glands outside of the uterus. Scar endometriosis is a rare subtype. Endometriosis usually seen in the pelvic organs. Extragenital endometriosis can be anywhere in the body. Ectopic breast tissue is a congenital anomaly and can be anywhere in the milk line from axillary to breast. This is the case of salpingooophorectomy due to ectopic pregnancy.
The patient has undergone another surgery because of painful swelling in abdominal wall 7 months later of first surgery. The biopsy material shows appearance of ectopic breast tissue in the focus of endometriosis.

Batwing mastopexy technique can be successfully performed in the surgical treatment of breast cancer involving the nipple areola complex. Successful results can be obtained in the right indications. Reconstitution of the lost nipple areola complex is usually performed after the oncological treatment. This approach might be more rational to understand the extent of the damage that radiotherapy and chemotherapy would cause on the skin.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant complication that occurs during pregnancy and causes severe mortality and morbidity with short and long term health problems in both mother and newborn. The prevalence of GDM is increasing in parallel with the increasing type 2 Diabetes Mellitus worldwide. Recurrence of GDM is also widely reported in women (40-73%), which increases the risk of maternal/fetal / child health. Modifiable and independent risk factors for GDM include excess weight gain during maternal pregnancy, weight
before pregnancy, and obesity.Although it has been reported in the literature in prospective cohort studies, the risk of GDM can be reduced by lifestyle interventions involving diet, increased activity, and various healthy behavior strategies during pregnancy, there are inconsistencies in randomized controlled studies on this issue. Some studies have reported that such interventions effectively prevent
GDM, while others have reported that they have no effect. In women with a long-term history of GDM, studies investigating the effects of postpartum lifestyle interventions have shown that the incidence of diabetes is reduced, and cardiovascular disease risk factors improve. However, the effects of lifestyle interventions during pregnancy and before pregnancy on subsequent GDM are not yet known.
In the next process, in order to prevent GDM, an optimal healthy lifestyle strategy should be determined for the whole society, especially for adolescent girls and women of reproductive age. It should be ensured that it is adopted and expanded
in society.